I. Pull MySQL Image

I’m using MySQL 8.0.18 here, but you can choose any version you need.

docker pull mysql:8.0.18

II. Create Mount Directories

mkdir -p /home/docker/mysql8/log
mkdir -p /home/docker/mysql8/data
mkdir -p /home/docker/mysql8/conf.d

III. Add Configuration File my.cnf

Here we need to add some custom configurations for MySQL, such as timezone and character encoding.

vi /home/docker/mysql8/conf.d/my.cnf

###### [client] Configuration Section ######
[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

###### [mysql] Configuration Section ######
[mysql]
# Set MySQL client default character set
default-character-set=utf8mb4
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

###### [mysqld] Configuration Section ######
[mysqld]
port=3306
user=mysql
# Set SQL mode - remove ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY to avoid group query issues with *this is incompatible with sql_mode=only_full_group_by
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
server-id = 1

# MySQL 8 password authentication plugin - if not set, older Navicat versions cannot connect
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password

# Disable symbolic links to prevent various security risks
symbolic-links=0

# Allow maximum connections
max_connections=1000

# Server-side default character set is 8-bit encoded latin1
character-set-server=utf8mb4

# Default storage engine to be used when creating new tables
default-storage-engine=INNODB

# 0: Table names will be stored as specified and comparisons are case-sensitive
# 1: Table names are stored in lowercase on disk, comparisons are case-insensitive
lower_case_table_names=0

max_allowed_packet=16M

# Set timezone
default-time_zone='+8:00'

IV. Write docker-compose.yml

version: '3'
services:
  mysql: # Service name
    image: mysql:8.0.18 # Or other mysql versions
    container_name: mysql8 # Container name
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 # Root user password
#      - TZ=Asia/Shanghai # Set container timezone - here I synchronized the host machine timezone and time through volume mounting below, so this is ignored
    volumes:
      - /home/docker/mysql8/log:/var/log/mysql # Map log directory, host:container
      - /home/docker/mysql8/data:/var/lib/mysql # Map data directory, host:container
      - /home/docker/mysql8/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d # Map configuration directory, host:container
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro # Sync container clock with host machine clock to avoid time issues, ro means read only.
    ports:
      - 3306:3306 # Specify port mapping between host and container, host:container
    restart: always # Container auto-starts with docker startup

V. Start Container

docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d